How to factory reset a MacBook Pro or any Mac

Need to know

• A factory reset erases everything on the Mac, including files, apps, and settings.
• Always back up your data before resetting.
• The reset steps depend on whether the Mac has Apple silicon or an Intel processor.
• A factory reset can fix serious software issues or prepare a Mac for resale.

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Factory resetting a MacBook Pro® or any Mac can solve stubborn software problems, remove personal data before selling, or give the system a clean start. While the process is straightforward, the exact steps depend on your Mac’s processor and macOS version. Here’s how to factory reset a Mac safely and correctly.

Before you factory reset your Mac

A factory reset permanently deletes your files, so preparation matters.

• Back up your data — Use Time Machine or another backup method to save your files. If you need help, this guide on how to back up a Mac walks through your options.
• Sign out of Apple services — Log out of iCloud, iMessage, and FaceTime to avoid activation issues later.
• Unpair Bluetooth accessories — This prevents problems for the next user if you’re selling the Mac.

How to factory reset a Mac with Apple silicon

Macs with Apple silicon (M1, M2, or newer) use a simplified reset process.

Shut down the Mac

Turn off the Mac completely.

Enter recovery mode

Press and hold the power button until you see Options, then select Options > Continue.

Erase the Mac

Select Disk Utility, choose the startup disk (usually Macintosh HD), and click Erase. Use APFS format if prompted.

Reinstall macOS

Exit Disk Utility and select Reinstall macOS, then follow the on-screen steps to complete the reset.

How to factory reset an Intel-based Mac

Older Macs with Intel processors use a different recovery method.

Restart in recovery mode

Turn on the Mac and immediately press and hold Command + R until the Apple logo appears.

Erase the startup disk

Open Disk Utility, select Macintosh HD, then click Erase. Choose APFS or Mac OS Extended, depending on your macOS version.

Reinstall macOS

Quit Disk Utility and select Reinstall macOS to install a fresh operating system.

If your Mac won’t start properly or won’t enter recovery mode, these steps for fixing a Mac that won’t turn on can help.

When a factory reset makes sense

A factory reset is useful when:

• You’re selling or giving away the Mac.
• Serious software issues won’t go away.
• Malware or system corruption is suspected.
• You want a clean start after years of use.

If your Mac still has problems after a reset, hardware issues may be the cause. In that case, professional diagnostics or repair may be the next step.

Tips after resetting your Mac

• Keep macOS updated to avoid bugs and security issues.
• Restore only essential files from your backup.
• Set up a regular backup schedule using Time Machine.
• Monitor performance to catch issues early.

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FAQ

Will factory resetting a Mac delete everything?

Yes. A factory reset erases all files, apps, and settings on the Mac. That’s why backing up your data first is critical.

Does factory resetting a Mac remove Apple ID?

It removes your data, but you should still sign out of iCloud before resetting. This prevents Activation Lock issues for future users.

How long does it take to factory reset a Mac?

The process usually takes 30 minutes to a few hours, depending on your Mac model and internet speed during macOS reinstallation.

What if my Mac won’t reset or reinstall macOS?

If the reset fails, the issue may be related to hardware or disk errors. Professional support or repair can help diagnose the problem.